How Long Does a CPAP Machine Last?

What Is the Life Expectancy of a CPAP Machine?

On average, CPAP machines last for about three to five years before they need to be replaced. But, some individual CPAP machines may not last quite that long, or may last for several years longer than that, depending on how they were built and how well they were cared for.

How Often Should You Replace Your CPAP Machine?

Some CPAP device manufacturers recommend replacing your CPAP machine after using it for about five years. However, this isn’t a hard rule. If your CPAP machine is working well and your doctor doesn’t see a need for you to replace it, you may find that it can last longer than five years. But, if your CPAP machine stops working effectively or stops working altogether, then it’s time to replace it. 

Sometimes you may choose to replace a CPAP machine before it stops working properly. For example, if you learn your health insurance company will cover a new device, you may choose to get a new CPAP machine in order to access new features. Newer CPAP machines are generally quieter than older models, and the devices themselves tend to be smaller and lighter. Newer CPAP models may also feel better to use, if they have improved humidification and features that make air pressure feel less bothersome.

How Do You Know If Your CPAP Machine Needs to Be Replaced?

When your CPAP machine isn’t functioning properly, you may need to replace it. But, if your CPAP machine is still under warranty or relatively new, you may want to troubleshoot the problem first before buying an entirely new device. 

Sometimes your sleep specialist can make adjustments to the machine’s settings that improve how it functions for you. If there’s a defect within the device, the CPAP manufacturer or its distributor may be able to replace that part or repair the machine, allowing you to avoid purchasing an entirely brand new one. American CPAP companies generally provide warranties that cover various CPAP parts for one or two years, while accessories are covered for shorter periods of time. This warranty may cover repairs or replacements for defects but typically does not cover issues arising from user error or lack of maintenance.

Signs You Should Replace Your CPAP Machine

You may notice signs when it’s time to replace your CPAP machine.

• The device either won’t turn on or stay on: If your CPAP device won’t turn on despite being plugged in, the machine may be broken. The same is true if the device will turn on, but won’t stay on all night like it used to. However, the battery or power supply could be the only broken parts in this scenario, so contact the manufacturer before replacing the machine entirely.
• The humidifier isn’t working: You could notice that your CPAP device’s humidifier is no longer working in two ways. One, when using your CPAP, the airflow may feel drier or colder than usual. Two, the water may not evaporate from the humidifier water chamber as quickly. If the water used to need replacing every two days, but now it only needs to be replaced once a week (and you’re in the same climate), that’s a sign your device isn’t humidifying the air like it used to. Check for condensation and make sure the heated pad or the heating element of the humidifier is functional. If your humidifier has settings for heat, ensure it is set to the desired temperature.
• The machine makes new noises: All CPAP machines make a low-level sound, like a whir or hum, as they run. Most people find this sound to be quiet and easy to ignore. If the sound your CPAP machine makes suddenly changes, such as by becoming louder, or sounding higher-pitched or like a rattle, then there’s likely something wrong with your machine and it may require replacement.
• Airflow has changed: When you use a CPAP device every night, you likely come to feel familiar with how the air feels flowing into your airway. If the airflow pressure suddenly feels very different, there might be a problem with your machine. A broken CPAP machine could deliver air at a much lower rate, so you no longer feel like it’s keeping your airway open. Conversely, a broken machine could also deliver air at a much higher rate, so you find it difficult to breathe or fall asleep with your mask on.
• There’s visible damage or cracks: If you can see physical damage, like cracks or worn spots, on any part of your CPAP machine, you may want to replace it. Note that some parts of the machine can be replaced fairly easily without replacing the entire machine. For example, humidifier water chambers should be replaced regularly, and you can likely buy a new power cord from the manufacturer.
• Digital components aren’t working: Most contemporary CPAP machines collect data and have a digital screen on which you can view this data and adjust settings. If you can no longer see anything on the screen or navigate the digital menu, it might be time for a new machine. Conversely, if you’re struggling to sync an app with your machine, that may be a fixable software issue that your sleep specialist or the CPAP manufacturer could help you resolve.
• Your symptoms are returning: If a CPAP machine has been helping you successfully manage your sleep apnea symptoms, but then they return again, talk to your doctor. For example, if you begin snoring loudly again or feeling excessive tiredness during the day, your machine may not be working properly. There are other reasons your symptoms might return or worsen though, so be sure to talk with your doctor instead of trying to figure out the situation on your own.
• Outdated technology: Newer CPAP machines often come with advanced features, such as auto-titration, integrated Bluetooth, or improved humidification technology. If your current machine lacks these features and you feel they would benefit your therapy, it may be time for an upgrade.
• Increased allergies or irritation: If you start experiencing increased nasal congestion, allergies, or irritation while using your CPAP, it could be due to a faulty machine or filter. Ensure you are regularly replacing filters, and if symptoms persist, consider replacing the machine.

Note that not all of these signs indicate you must replace your machine — every situation is different. Before purchasing a new CPAP machine, talk to your sleep specialist as well as the CPAP manufacturer to determine if there are other options.

Do CPAP Machines Become Less Effective Over Time?

Unless something is wrong with it, your CPAP machine shouldn’t become less effective over time. CPAP machines are designed to keep working effectively throughout their lifespan. If you notice that your CPAP device is operating differently or that your sleep apnea symptoms are worsening, make an appointment with your sleep specialist. They can help you determine if your CPAP machine is still working properly, or if there is another issue that needs to be addressed.

How Often Will Insurance Pay for a New CPAP Machine?

Most insurance companies will cover a replacement CPAP machine once every five years. Check with your insurance company to find out how often they will cover a new CPAP machine, since different companies and policies may offer different coverage. Your insurance company may cover a new CPAP device more or less often than the average.

Will Medicaid or Medicare Pay for a New CPAP Machine?

Both Medicaid and Medicare provide coverage for new CPAP machines to people who have been diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea through an in-lab sleep study or home sleep apnea test. The amount of coverage a specific individual may receive can depend on which type of coverage they have, what their deductible is, and how much they have spent already on medical costs that calendar year.

Medicaid and Medicare expect a CPAP machine to need replacing no sooner than five years after the date a person began using it. That said, they may cover repairs if the machine breaks or experiences problems prior to the end of its expected lifespan. To qualify for a new CPAP machine, Medicare typically requires an updated sleep study that aligns with their scoring guidelines, especially if the replacement is requested before the standard 5-year period.

Can You Use an FSA or HSA to Pay for a New CPAP Machine?

You can use a flexible savings account (FSA) or health savings account (HSA) to pay for a new CPAP machine or supplies. Most people with these types of accounts prefer to have their health insurance company or Medicare cover as much as they are willing to cover first before using an FSA or HSA. FSA and HSA accounts allow you to put money toward medical expenses without being taxed on it, but when you pay for a CPAP device using these accounts, you are still paying out of pocket.

Additionally, it’s important to retain specific invoices that include insurance codes for your records. These documents can be beneficial for keeping track of expenses and may be required for reimbursement or accounting purposes.

How to Make Your CPAP Machine Last

The best way to make your CPAP machine last as long as possible is to read the manufacturer’s instructions for machine maintenance and follow them closely. Most manufacturers advise you to clean your machine and supplies regularly and replace supplies on their suggested schedule.

CPAP manufacturers generally advise against using an ozone cleaning device to clean your machine. Even if such a device is advertised as being intended to clean CPAP machines, it may damage the machine and void its warranty. Manufacturers also advise against using harsh cleansers, like alcohol, bleach, antibacterial soaps, and essential oils on your CPAP machine or supplies. These substances can leave harmful residues that may be detrimental when inhaled.

Lastly, be sure to store your CPAP machine properly. Store your CPAP machine in a clean, dry place away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures to prevent damage.

When to Replace CPAP Supplies

Replace your CPAP supplies on the schedule provided by your CPAP machine and supply manufacturer. Generally, this schedule aligns with how often Medicare and insurance companies will cover replacements. Check with your specific provider before replacing supplies to find out how often they will be covered under your policy.

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